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Setmelanotide, sold under the brand name Imcivree, is a medication used to treat severe obesity caused by specific genetic defects, primarily affecting the melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) pathway. It's designed for individuals with genetic conditions like POMC, PCSK1, or LEPR deficiency. The drug works by activating the MC4R, a receptor involved in regulating appetite and energy balance, to promote satiety and reduce weight.
Key aspects of setmelanotide:
Key aspects of setmelanotide:
- Mechanism of Action:
Setmelanotide is a melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) agonist. By activating this receptor, it helps regulate appetite and energy expenditure, leading to reduced food intake and weight loss.
Indications: Setmelanotide is specifically indicated for the treatment of chronic weight management in patients with obesity due to confirmed deficiency of POMC, PCSK1, or LEPR.
Dosage: The dosage of setmelanotide varies based on age and weight, with adjustments made by a healthcare professional. For example, children 6 to <12 years of age start with 1 mg injected subcutaneously daily for 2 weeks, and adults may start with 2 mg, potentially increasing to 3 mg as a maintenance dose, according to the Mayo Clinic.
- Administration: Setmelanotide is administered via subcutaneous injection.
- Side Effects: Common side effects include injection site reactions (pain, redness), nausea, and abdominal pain. Skin color changes (hyperpigmentation) can also occur.
- Monitoring: Patients taking setmelanotide require monitoring for depression and suicidal ideation, as these have been reported as potential side effects.
- Contraindications:
- Setmelanotide is not recommended for use in neonates or infants due to the presence of benzyl alcohol, which can cause adverse reactions, according to the National Institutes of Health.
- Important Precautions: Patients should be educated on proper injection techniques and the need to continue the medication regularly to maintain weight loss.
